How does the membrane potential change during depolarization?
What types of stimuli can begin the process of depolarization?
- Different types of stimuli that can begin the process of depolarization are as follows: Some cells do not need an environmental stimulus and can be activated by some molecular stimuli such as hormones or neurotransmitters.
What causes the depolarization of smooth and cardiac muscles?
- The depolarization of smooth muscles is due to calcium channels. Cardiac muscles undergo depolarization due to sodium as well as calcium ions influx. The cells in the SA node reach threshold potential via the influx of sodium ions, while they undergo depolarization via calcium ions influx.
How are the depolarization and contraction of skeletal muscles interconnected?
- This depolarization is carried by the T-tubules to the sarcoplasmic reticulum where the calcium channels are opened. The calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum initiate the process of contraction. In this way, the depolarization and contraction of skeletal muscles are interconnected.
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