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Hyperspectral imaging of the Earth had its origins at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) following the 1972 launch of Landsat 1 (at the time called Earth Resources Technology Satellite, or ERTS 1).

Hyperspectral data sets are generally composed of about 100 to 200 spectral bands of relatively narrow bandwidths (5-10 nm), whereas, multispectral data sets are usually composed of about 5 to 10 bands of relatively large bandwidths (70-400 nm).

Hyperspectral imaging is a growing area in remote sensing in which an imaging spectrometer collects hundreds of images at different wavelengths for the same spatial area (Gonzalez et al., 2013).

• Diagnostic Procedures. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a technique that analyzes a wide spectrum of light instead of just assigning primary colors (red,green,blue) to each pixel.
• Instrumentation. "Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging collect images of an object in a series of spectral windows" (Liang,2011 ).
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• Volume 4

• A hyperspectral image is a picture that encompasses the entire light spectrum. These images are typically used to find information that is invisible to the human eye. Certain things, from oil to plant illnesses, show up differently when photographed using non- visible light.

• Hyperspectral remote sensing, also known as imaging spectroscopy , is the use of hyperspectral imaging from a moving sensory device, such as a satellite, to gather data about a specific location of interest.

• An imaging spectrometer is an instrument used in hyperspectral imaging and imaging spectroscopy to acquire a spectrally-resolved image of an object or scene, often referred to as a datacube due to the three-dimensional representation of the data. Two axes of the image corresponds to vertical and horizontal distance and the third to wavelength.

With a hyperspectral camera, the light is captured through a lens and split into different spectral lengths by a dispersive element such as a prism or a diffraction grating [123]. Also possible is a recording of different wavelengths at different positions in the FOV.

Despite the compelling ability of hyperspectral cameras to record the spectral signatures within a scene, they have found a limited market due to their lavish price tags, with costs ranging from $50K at the low end to well over $1M.Oct 26, 2015

For those of you unaware, NDVI, the normalized difference vegetation index, is an important graphical indicator for farmers to analyze remote sensing measurements and assess whether the land contains live green vegetation or not.Sep 20, 2019

What is unique about NIR Cameras? “Near-infrared” (NIR) is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum directly adjacent to the visible range; therefore it cannot be perceived with the human eye. ... Compared to non-NIR-optimized cameras, this represents a doubling of the sensitivity value at this wavelength.

As stated earlier, the Multispectral camera consists of four bands (green, red, red edge and near infrared) and the RGB camera consists of the three visible bands of the EM.

• The best image digital cameras are of course the dSLR's because of the top-notch image quality which nevertheless comes with a hefty price tag. The premium compacts and the mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras are also fast catching up to deliver some very good dSLR-like quality images.

• Hyperspectral imaging is the capturing and processing of an image at a very large number of wavelengths. Whereas multispectral imaging might evaluate an image in three or four colors (red, green, blue and near-infrared (NIR), for example), hyperspectral imaging breaks the image down into tens or hundreds of colors.

• Hyperspectral imaging. Hyperspectral sensors look at objects using a vast portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Certain objects leave unique 'fingerprints' in the electromagnetic spectrum. Known as spectral signatures, these 'fingerprints' enable identification of the materials that make up a scanned object.

Fly the Spectrum

A key to success is having the right tools. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have evolved into the go-to platform for many remote-sensing applications. Headwall's integrated hyperspectral sensor drones combine our advanced sensors with a choice of GPS/IMU mounted on a high-performance UAV.

A new technology, ultraspectral imaging (USI) offers the capability to extend spectral imaging to a level where molecular adsorption or emission line features can be presented in a two dimensional display.

Hyperspectral images can be obtained from many different electromagnetic measurements. The most popular are visible (VIS), NIR, middle infrared (MIR), and Raman spectroscopy.

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification is a phenomenal mechanism to analyze diversified land cover in remotely sensed hyperspectral images. ... Given a set of observations with known class labels, the basic goal of hyperspectral image classification is to assign a class label to each pixel.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched the first Indian Hyperspectral Imaging Satellite (HySIS) from Sriharikota on 29 November. The satellite is expected to be used for Earth observation in applications related to agriculture, forestry, geology, assessment of coastal zones, and environmental studies.Mar 12, 2018

• BaySpec also provides ready-to-fly hyperspectral total solutions. Actually package can be customized. The OCI™-UAV hyperspectral cameras are designed specifically for use on unmanned aerial vehicles/systems (UAV/UAS), or remotely operated vehicles (ROV).

• Acquiring a UAV and a hyperspectral sensor won’t assure compatible performance, and a high level of ‘integration work’ is needed. The UAV community and the hyperspectral sensor community are both challenged with pulling everything together.

• The UAV community and the hyperspectral sensor community are both challenged with pulling everything together. Recognizing this, Headwall Photonics is taking an industry-leading position as a supplier of fully integrated airborne solutions comprising the UAV, the sensor, the power and data management solution, cabling, and application software.

• OCI-UAV-2000 as a snapshot multispectral imager fundamentally eliminates artifacts caused by vibrations in flight. These innovations significantly reduce the requirements on UAV system, so that integration is almost effortless for many UAV/ROVs.